If foliar application is being applied to plants that are regrowing following prior physical or chemical treatment, it is important to allow sufficient regrowth. Any wind speeds lower or greater than this increase the risk for drift.Īs the specific restrictions/recommendations are product specific always read the herbicide label carefully and follow instructions related to wind, humidity, and precipitation. Wind speeds between 2-10 miles per hour are generally considered to have the lowest potential for drift. Wind speed is also an important factor in the potential for herbicide drift. Knowledge of the rainfastness (time after application that is needed to guarantee control) is critical to avoid losses in effectiveness. Application shortly before rainfall may also cause treatment to be less effective. Application during drought can decrease effectiveness, and application during hot, dry weather can increase the risk of volatilization, drift, and off-target damage. Foliar applications may be made on these species throughout the fall, which can minimize impacts on desirable plants.įoliar application needs to be timed according to weather conditions as weather can impact the success of treatment. However, certain woody invasive species such as the bush honeysuckles (Lonicera spp.) and wintercreeper (Euonymus fortunei) have an extended growing season and remain green later into the fall than other woody species. Methodology in Detailįoliar treatment is generally effective from the time the target plants are fully leafed out until foliage starts to change color in the fall (typically late spring through early fall in the Great Lakes region). This is best done by reading the herbicide label thoroughly. Applicators should familiarize themselves with the properties of any herbicide before use and ensure appropriate measures are taken to maximize success and minimize off-target and environmental impact. Some herbicides can also be taken up into plants through the roots if applications reach the soil surface. Herbicides differ in their mode of action (i.e., how they kill the plant), but all generally disrupt at least one of several essential functions. The leaves take up the chemical, and either directly impact the leaf tissue or translocate the herbicide to other parts of the plant. Herbicide is applied to actively photosynthesizing foliage. Because of these risks, the WIGL Collaborative recommends that anyone who plans to conduct foliar applications undergo training via their state’s pesticide certification program, even when not required to do so by law. It can be difficult to gauge how much herbicide mixture is being used with spot treatments, especially for inexperienced applicators. There is higher potential for damage to non-target plants and drift than with other herbicide application methods. For management of natural areas, broadcasted herbicide application is generally only practiced in areas of very dense invasive vegetation without significant desired vegetation or where the herbicide being used is selective and will not damage desirable plants.Ĭompared to the other herbicide application methods, foliar application involves lower concentrations of herbicides applied at moderate volumes (10-50 gallons/acre). It can be done as a spot treatment (often also called a directed or individual plan treatment), where herbicide is intentionally sprayed on target plants or a broadcast treatment where herbicide is applied at a consistent rate over the entire treatment area. Introduction to Chemical Control – Foliar Herbicideįoliar herbicide application involves the use of equipment to coat the leaves of target plants with herbicide.
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